$ 27.81 178.0 Putian dunk panda Chunyuan sb black and white panda Low Gang skate shoes Shadow grey Wine red North Carolina blue Scalp wholesale If it does, it indicates you may have black hairy tongue. The Last Ice. Waggoner WC, Volpe AR. Get Extra 10% Off Purchases With shopDisney Visa. Is the ketogenic diet right for autoimmune conditions? Disney Limited Edition Doll, Disney Limited Edition Pin, Silver Surfer Comics, . 10 yr. ago mmm silver nitrate 2 More posts from the todayilearned community 58.1k Posted by 5 days ago 3 white rabbit restaurant menu; israel journey from egypt to canaan map thunderbird wine black tongue. McGregor JM, Hay RJ. Whats the price? If you see your dentist about black tongue, they might suggest that you stop using mouthwashes that contain peroxide. The culprits that causes this drying sensation in your mouth are actually chemical compounds (phenolics) that naturally occur in tannin. Table 2. We want to give recovering addicts the tools to return to the outside world completely substance-free and successful. Likewise, if the tongue discoloration is related to something you frequently eat or drink, dietary changeslike cutting out or limiting your intake of alcohol, coffee, or teacan also help. Pepto-Bismol (bismuth subsalicylate) can temporarily turn your tongue black because it contains bismuth. Certain medications. Black tongue (or black hairy tongue) is a harmless (benign) condition. The Marvel Knights were initially formed to capture the Punisher. For example, if a medication that you take is the cause of black tongue, your doctor might suggest changing to a different prescription. Can diet help improve depression symptoms? Smokey, Vanilla, Fruit. Thunderbird Wine (Live) [Explicit] by UK Subs. For example, perform a biopsy to rule out cancer. Tamam L, Annagur BB. The dry sensation is due to the wine being astringent and its effect on the tissue in your mouth. Thunderbird is the crack cocaine of wines. Signs and symptoms of black hairy tongue include: Though unattractive, black hairy tongue is usually a temporary, harmless condition. John Wick: Chapter 3 - Parabellum. Publicidad en este sitio: #WhatsApp 449 103 0276 o escribe a: info.siglo21@gmail.com Prinz opined that the main source of the pigments was a local reaction between the decomposition products of food and iron (secondary to blood within the mouth). Dr. Hugh Flax, one of the cover authors of Dentistry Today's January/February issue, stopped by our booth at the Chicago Dental Society Midwinter Meeting to visit and take a picture with James Radcliffe. Also, the incidence and the prevalence of hairy tongue increases with age, possibly because a higher percentage of the population engage in activities (eg, using tobacco, drinking coffee or tea) that predispose to the condition.16 Sarti, et al5 noted that certain suggested treatments for BHT have been mentioned as possible causative agents. 2017;18(4):563-569. doi:10.1007/s40257-017-0268-y. Brush Before Not After. Diseases of the tongue. They suggest that all predisposing factors should be eliminated and the dorsum of the tongue should be brushed twice daily using 3% hydrogen peroxide or baking soda. 2023 Ark National Holdings, LLC1-855-490-1392500 Victory Rd, 3rd Floor, Quincy, MA 02171, COVID-19 Mental Health And Addiction Resources, Complete Guide For People Facing Drug Charges, Resources For Minorities Experiencing Treatment Disparities, Substance Abuse Resources For People With Disabilities, Drug Abuse Resources For College Students, Eye Movement Desensitization & Reprocessing (EMDR), excessive coffee or black tea consumption, mouthwashes containing hydrogen peroxide or other oxidizing agents, a metallic taste, or other changes in taste or flavor, gagging or tickling feelings, especially if the papillae have grown excessively, cancer of the breast, mouth, throat, esophagus, liver, or colon. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". This content does not have an English version. A sci-fi action adventure and the definitive origin story of Buzz Lightyear (voice of Chris Evans), the hero who inspired the toy, "Lightyear" follows the legendary Space Ranger on an intergalactic adventure alongside a group of ambitious recruits (voices of Keke Palmer, Dale Soules and Taika Waititi), and his robot companion Sox (voice of Peter Sohn). Figure 2. A doctor or dentist may recommend the following treatments for a person who presents with a black tongue: Black tongue can be alarming, but it is not a medical emergency. Practicing good oral hygiene and eliminating factors that may contribute to the condition such as avoiding tobacco use or irritating mouthwashes help resolve black hairy tongue. Glossodynia and other disorders of the tongue. Instead, the primary symptom is that the tongue looks hairy due to the presence of long, thread-like growths. Even if the only symptom that you have is a change in your tongues appearance, you might feel embarrassed about it. It didn't even feel much like a Marvel show . Ghost Rider (2006 - 2009) Ghost Rider (2011 - 2012) Ghost Rider (2016 - 2017) Ghost Rider (2019 - Present) Ghost Rider (2022 - Present) Ghost Rider 2099 (2019) Ghost Rider Annual (2007) Ghost Rider Annual: Mercy (2008) Ghost Rider Director's Cut Edition (2019) Ghost Rider Finale (2007) Ghost Rider Saga (2008) Ghost Rider X-Mas Special Infinite . Thunderbird Wine - The American Classic | GotoLiquorStore. Thunderbird Wine 750ml. Read on to find out more about the causes of black tongue. Avaliable in 750 mL and a devastating 50 oz jug. On his own, the patient attempted a combination of mouth scraping and baking soda, but also to no avail. In Thunderbird Red Blend, we taste ripe black and blueberries, dark chocolate, and a hint of cinnamon. Bum Wine: 5 of the 'Best' Brown Bag Wines For Cheap Boozing Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The wine is sold at between 13 and 18% ABV and first became popular in the 1950s". Appearance of patients tongue after 2 weeks of therapy. We've got a pretty badass selection of tees - can't deny that. The physician prescribed an over-the-counter mouth rinse which was not effective in decreasing or eliminating the condition. But spots on the tongue that are unusual in size or, People may experience a burning tongue due to burning mouth syndrome (BMS) or a scald from hot food. Tobacco use. Ghost Rider took it to even another level, in that he was a superhero who had sold his soul to the devil. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Ghost Rider is a 2007 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name.The film was written and directed by Mark Steven Johnson, known for helming 2003's Daredevil previously, and stars Nicolas Cage as Johnny Blaze / Ghost Rider, with Eva Mendes, Wes Bentley, Sam Elliott, Donal Logue, Matt Long, and Peter Fonda in supporting roles. Why Does My Tongue Have Purple or Blueish Spots? Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Black hairy tongue syndrome. (Photo by Straight 8) Thunderbird - 750 ml $4.99 17.5 percent Alcohol by Volume Mangold AR, et al. Start with Red. Further, there was a history of penicillin and pollen allergy. If your tongue has taken on a white tinge, it usually isn't a cause for concern. Tongue color: What does it say about health? - Medical News Today From this article I learn that Thunderbird is "an inexpensive fortified wine brand of E. & J. Gallo Winery in the United States. Last medically reviewed on November 29, 2019, Fissured tongue causes a person to develop one or multiple grooves on their tongue. Do you have an unexplained bitter taste in your mouth? Have a question about wine and healthy living? Buy Thunderbird Wine Online | GotoLiquorStore This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The two most common causes of black hairy tongue include poor oral hygiene and a diet of soft foods. Scientists use genetic rewiring to increase lifespan of cells, having a weak immune system due to a medical condition, such as, a discolored tongue that is black, brown, gray, or yellow, regularly brushing the tongue with a fluoride toothpaste, using a tongue scraper to remove plaque, bacteria, and other debris from the tongue, rinsing the mouth with warm salt water to improve cleanliness and reduce bad tastes and odors, brushing the tongue after every meal, and not eating after brushing at night, applying baking soda or hydrogen peroxide to the tongue, drinking plenty of water to help keep the mouth clean, eating more raw fruits and vegetables, which can help clean the tongue. Alcohol use disorder (alcohol addiction) can be a discouraging and challenging condition, but professional treatment can help. 3000 Miles to Graceland. But rest assured, those arent hairs. He can be reached at dlawoyin@howard.edu. What to Do When You Bite Your Lip or Tongue, Using a Tongue Stabilizing Device for Sleep Apnea. The dead cells themselves can build up when you prevent the body from self-cleaning properly by over-consuming damaging substances (alcohol, tobacco, coffee, tea, or peroxide), preventing normal scraping by eating a soft diet, or simply keeping the mouth too dry or too dirty. After Lunella accidentally brings . This item: Ghost Rider by Daniel Way: The Complete Collection. 2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK. Learn more about the different causes of a yellow tongue, various symptoms and concerns, and what you can do to treat it. All rights reserved. Or 0.99 to buy MP3 album. TIL that drinking Thunderbird wine will cause your mouth and - Reddit Common black hairy tongue causes include: Drinking lots of coffee and tea. These papillae, which are longer than normal, can easily trap and be stained by bacteria, yeast, tobacco, food or other substances. A feeling of dry mouth with increased thirst. You might also notice that your tongue looks slightly hairy. A case is presented in which a patient developed black hairy tongue following exposure to multiple pharmacological agents. Copyright 2023 Wine Spectator. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. Glee (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6) Mickey Mouse Funhouse (S1, 5 episodes) A Fan's Guide to Ms. Marvel - Premiere. Figure 1. Sarti GM, Haddy RI, Schaffer D, et al. Witch and robot. Shipping info for Wine Chateau. It is likely that the concomitant use of oral rinses may well have compounded the pre-existing condition. After planning to run away with her, Johnny discovers his father is terminally ill with little time left. The wine is available in four varieties: peppery zinfandel, a fruity cabernet sauvignon, a bright red blend and a creamy chardonnay. Accessed Feb. 25, 2017. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Black tongue may cause different symptoms depending on its underlying cause. Director Mark Steven Johnson Writer Mark Steven Johnson (screenplay) Stars Nicolas Cage Eva Mendes Sam Elliott He is known for granting humans a taste of some of his . Usually, you dont notice them much. Alcohol can increase the bad bacteria in our mouths and lower the amount of good bacteria, which can ultimately change the microbiome in our mouths. Pigments in wine derive from a few different types of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins and tannins; the degree of pigmentation will vary according to grape type, winemaking methods and aging. Search: Ghost Rider was canceled, and all the other Marvel Television-produced shows that stuck around through 2019The Punisher and Jessica Jones on Netflix; The Gifted on Fox; Runaways on Hulu . We include products we think are useful for our readers. YOYbuy has selected 844 products related to thunderbird wine black tonguefrom Taobao for you. The hairy appearance is due to the elongation of keratinized filiform papillae, which may have different colors varying from white, yellow, brown, to black depending upon the involved extrinsic factors (ie, tobacco, coffee, tea, or food) and intrinsic factors (ie, chromogenic organisms in the normal flora).2,3 In 1925, Prinz4 suggested that BHT results from a predisposition of the surface of the tongue to irritation by specific substances. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Black hairy tongue - Diagnosis and treatment - Mayo Clinic Thunderbird. ETA: theres no grape peels, or possibly grape, in Thunderbird. It is the first television series in the Marvel Cinematic Universe. Synopsis: When unemployed ex-marine Michael Williams (Nicolas Cage) stumbles . But not all teeth are the same. Perhaps the wine you bought had a high percentage of this varietal in the blend. Treatment should emphasize gentle debridement and discontinuing the drugs and rinses which may be precipitating factors. Grab a Hot Topic tee so we can get this tee party started! Story 5- Naruko the Frog Ninja of Konoha (Female Naruto) Story 6- Deku in Highschool of the dead. But, when they do, the angrier the ghost is, the more it will affect your sim. The student then intentionally slightly injured his gingiva with a toothpick to allow blood to contaminate the elongated tongue papillae. Sign Up for Wine Spectators Free Email Newsletters and stay up-to-date with all things wine. Treating a black or coated tongue. Despite being a legal substance for those of age, alcohol can be extremely harmful if overused with chronic overconsumption causing serious long-term negative health effects that may include: Naturally, if you are concerned about tongue discoloration you should talk to your healthcare provider. Wednesday, June 1. The left parotid salivary gland did not demonstrate function, while the right parotid gland dem-onstrated limited function. Dr. Good commercial with James Masonkind of. Black hairy tongue: predisposing factors, diagnosis, and treatment. This condition can also turn tongues brown, tan, green, yellow, or white. If the discoloration just won't go away, it's possible that you may have something called Lingua Villosa Nigra, translated as "black hairy tongue." Debris, bacteria or other organisms can collect on the papillae and result in discoloration. Taste changes in your mouth, such as a bitter or metallic taste. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. This specific cause of black tongue coloration will go away after you stop taking the medicine. Healthline only shows you brands and products that we stand behind. Normally, keratin sheds when skin cells shed. If you've got what looks like a blue or purple tongue, you should first think about. Other tests that might be needed include: There are a few other conditions that can look similar to black tongue, including: You can prevent black tongue by maintaining good oral hygiene. So take a trip down memory lane with our five favorite hobo wines, fit for a ghetto king with three bucks to his name. Coming toLas Vegas on April 29. You'd be mistaken for not knowing this in advance because of Netflix only flagging this if you happen to select the title.. Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark. 2016;34:458. Abdollahi M, Radfar M. A review of drug-induced oral reactions. $29.50. Maintaining good oral hygiene can help clear black tongue. No, in fact, it may cause it. By Steph Coelho Now, when he's around an evil spirit, he becomes the Ghost Rider, a flaming skull demon who rides a motorcycle. Switching formulas may help prevent a recurrence of black tongue. A: Many wine drinkers will attest that some red wines can turn the tongue purple or black. After over 90 years of Disney, ABC and 20th Century Studios history, a wealth of family-friendly titles remain hidden away in the Disney Vault along with acquired properties such as The Muppets and National Geographic. (2014). The distinct look usually results from a buildup of dead skin cells on the many tiny projections (papillae) on the surface of the tongue that contain taste buds. The patient was advised to discontinue oxygenating mouth rinses, and the patient believed that discontinuing the mouth rinses was particularly helpful. Misty could have a high rank in Police Department allowing her to weed out the corrupted element/recruit ideal candidates Ongoing series Black Panther (vol. In the comics, Mephisto is a demonic devil-of-sorts who has caused trouble for a number of characters, including Doctor Strange, Wanda Maximoff, and even Doctor Doom. Heavy alcohol use. Disney Toy Story Stinky Pete #12 Prospector McDonald 1999 Happy Meal CAKE TOPPER. Tobacco use, poor oral hygiene, and various stains related to certain foods and beverages have also been related to the occurrence of BHT, but not in regard to the case report described in this article.5-8 When patients are using multiple medications, it is necessary for the clinician to investigate the potential causes by gathering an accurate history and using that information to gain an understanding of this condition. 'Mandingo Redux' brought to you by Thunderbird Wine So here's to Satana, the daughter of Satan, one of Marvel's most underused and frightful bad girls and possibly the most unlikely character that Disney ever owned. Scraping or brushing the tongue can prevent food and bacteria from getting stuck on the tongues surface. https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/tongue-hairy/. Find out what causes white tongue and what to do about it. Symptoms. However, some people may experience the following: Black tongue is harmless. Pigments in wine derive from a few different types of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins and tannins; the degree of pigmentation will vary according to grape type, winemaking methods and aging. Can Wine Make Your Tongue Burn? Mouthwashes that contain peroxide or chlorhexidine can cause black tongue. The History Of Thunderbird Wine - SloWine Cosmic Ghost Rider is back, baby! Squishmallow 2021 Halloween Devil Bat Soft Christmas Creative Gift New. Lynch D. Hairy tongue. You might also experience bad breath. Each has a different cause, which the following sections will cover in more detail. A marked enlargement of the papillae with a deep brown stain was noted. Red wine is acidic, and this acidity etches your enamel, making it more porous, and making it easier for the stain to stick, Akosa says. Lusitanus, who is credited with the original description of black hairy tongue, reported this condition in 1557. All Rights Reserved. Abrasive particles of salt will help remove dead cells and bad bacteria present on the tongue. You must drink quite a bit of the wine to get any of these effects, which is no hardship, since its delicious. Your doctor can perform a biopsy to make a diagnosis. If you have discoloration on your tongue, make an appointment with your doctor. Thunderbird The American Classic Flavored Fortified Wine has made throughout California's prime grape growing regions. Extraction. 'Lupin III: The Castle Of Cagliostro' is leaving Netflix. Start streaming now. Sure, but no more than drinking a similar amount of red wine. Black hairy tongue is a temporary, harmless oral condition that gives the tongue a dark, furry appearance. Black hairy . 99+ Photos Action Fantasy Thriller When motorcycle rider Johnny Blaze sells his soul to the Devil to save his father's life, he is transformed into the Ghost Rider, the Devil's own bounty hunter, and is sent to hunt down sinners. A sci-fi action adventure and the definitive origin story of Buzz Lightyear (voice of Chris Evans), the hero who inspired the toy, "Lightyear" follows the legendary Space Ranger on an intergalactic adventure alongside a group of ambitious recruits (voices of Keke Palmer, Dale Soules and Taika Waititi), and his robot companion Sox (voice of Peter Sohn). Mayo Clinic - Black hairy tongue - Symptoms and causes Powell8 suggested that it is necessary to distinguish between true hairy tongue and pseudo-hairy tongue in the sense that in the latter there is brownish-black discoloration of the tongue without the exaggerated elongation of the filiform papillae. Loss of taste. The tongue can also suffer from superficial burns that can look white if you eat or drink something that is too hot. There is no racial predilection to BHT, and even though it is reported more often in males, it is not uncommon in females, especially those who drink coffee or tea, and/or those who use tobacco. Gurvits GE, et al. Explore the Marvel cinematic and comic universe including all characters, heroes, villains, teams, groups, weapons, items, and more! Clinical examination revealed no regional lympha-denopathy. thunderbird wine black tonguecapricorn and virgo flirting. Sorin Tofan Kurdish Adina Galupa Girl (Forest) Synopsis When the devil resurfaces with aims to take over the world in human form, Johnny Blaze reluctantly comes out of hiding to transform into the flame-spewing supernatural hero Ghost Rider -- and rescue a 10-year-old boy from an unsavory end. Thunderbird wine A light yellow low-quality wine which turns your lips and mouth black. Disney International said Carter, which had been No. Schlager E, et al. While it may be alarming to see, a black tongue generally isnt a sign of anything serious. The skin of the tongue is covered in a protein called keratin. Last medically reviewed on January 4, 2022. Black hairy tongue syndrome. Out of Stock. It is safe to wait a few days and try some home remedies before seeing a doctor or dentist. Does Pepto-Bismol get rid of black tongue? Black tongue is often related to poor dental hygiene, but there are also other risk factors including: Drinking a lot of coffee or tea Tobacco use Excessive alcohol consumption Certain medications Some mouthwashes Dehydration Intravenous drug use Cancer 2 Trigeminal neuralgia Compromised immune system 2 Radiation therapy Dry mouth 3 Walsh go toe-to-toe in all their early '90s glory. Among the titles leaving this month are Jumanji: The Next Level, Gladiator . His possible appearance could. Witch and robot. At Halloween Express we stock more costumes in more sizes and more styles than anyone for Halloween but as one of the largest costume retailers in the country, we also offer costumes, accessories and party supplies for virtually every holiday or event you can imagine and we do it year round. Whats the word? Black hairy tongues develop when dead skin cells build up on the filiform papillae of the tongue. Specific services we offer relating to alcohol use disorder include: If you or a loved one struggle with alcohol use disorder, please contact us today. Whats the Best Way To Clean Your Tongue? Your doctor may also prescribe a topical retinoid medication to help increase cell turnover on your tongue. Other authors have suggested topical triamcinolone acetonide (ie, Kenalog, Aristocort) twice daily after wiping the tongue dry, while others have recommended topical antifungal agents.5-8. Thanks to these 8 tips on how to drink red wine without staining your teeth or lips, you can have your wine and beautiful smile too! Along with Wild Irish Rose, it's one-half of the legendary "Ex-Wife" cocktail. A doctor can diagnose black hairy tongue by visually inspecting your tongue and considering your medical history. It can also be a sign that dead skin cells are accumulating on your tongue. It appears that Seattle and San Francisco still do carryThunderbird Wine. The submandibular salivary glands and minor salivary glands of the lips demonstrated normal function. Black hairy tongue [in Dutch]. Drug-Induced Black Hairy Tongue: Diagnosis and Management Challenges It is important for the clinician to take an accurate and detailed history in order to determine the most likely causal agents. Of all the symptoms and side effects of alcohol abuse, developing a black, hair-coated tongue seems like it should be one of the most serious and alarming. What's the Word? Thunderbird! | Modern Drunkard Magazine Only 1 left in stock - order soon. The treatment should be individualized, based on the clinicians assessment of the etiologic agents. A person should see a doctor or dentist if their symptoms persist or worsen, or if they are accompanied by pain and swelling. Pigments in wine derive from a few different types of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins and tannins; the degree of pigmentation will vary according to grape type, winemaking methods and aging. He had prostate cancer surgery 4 years previously, for which he was being monitored. Funko Star Wars Obi-Wan Kenobi Pop! Here's what may be behind a scalloped tongue, also known as a wavy tongue. The basic idea is to cover the entire spectrum of American . A black tongue can happen for several reasons, including poor dental hygiene. Search for answers or use the drop down list to quickly locate the different Movie emoji pop questions and their answers. Black Tongue: What Causes a Black Tongue and How to Get Rid of It Do digestifs such as Barolo Chinato, grappa and amaro actually aid digestion? How to clean tongue after red wine? | All Wines of Europe 2021 Squishmallow MARVEL Disney Jr GHOST~SPIDER Gwen Stacy. Made in a Day (S1) Secrets of the Zoo (S4 . The Hunger Games. Yhinderbird Wine: Perfect For Any Occasion - SloWine Its simply a change in the pH. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". But in reality, this oral health condition is generally harmless and easily resolved, though it can signal the potential for other, far more serious, and less-visible health effects. Marvel kicked off its 2021 TV blitz through the medium's tropes in the sitcom-inspired WandaVision, which ran from Jan. 15 to March 5. Thunderbird Wine - The American Classic | GotoLiquorStore These are tiny bumps or projections that contain taste buds, and when they're smothered in dead cell buildup they tend to grow much longer, giving the tongue a hairy appearance. I believe that because of this I have a purple-black tongue. The patient did not smoke but noted moderate drinking of alcohol, particularly red and white wines. Am J Clin Dermatol. Dental-related side effects of medications commonly prescribed for chronic fatigue syndrome. Wine turns my tongue purple, and I can't get it to go away. What can I The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". However, it can indicate that a person is at risk of developing an oral health issue. The history of Thunderbird is as interesting as the drunken effects the one experiences from the wine. There are two main types of black tongue: black hairy tongue and pseudo-black hairy tongue. Scraping or brushing the tongue is usually the first suggestion for treating black tongue. I used to buy it for a dollar a bottle, never had a black anything. Disney Walk the Prank (S3) Higglytown Heroes (S1) Higglytown Heroes (S2) The Island at the Top of the World. thunderbird wine black tongue. We make big, bold wines. However, other symptoms that may occur with black tongue include: Black tongue is usually easy to treat at home, but discoloration in the mouth can sometimes be a symptom of more serious conditions. Mephisto is an extra-dimensional Demon who rules a fiery pocket dimension that he calls "Hell" or "Hades" although it is neither the Hell of the Christian religion nor the Hades ruled by Pluto, the Olympian god of the dead. You may need to adjust your medication dosage or have the elongated papillae removed. eMedicine Web site. Black hairy tongue associated with olanzapine treatment: a case report. Although the cause of black hairy tongue can't always be determined, possible causes or contributing factors include: Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. It is usually made from a blend of different grape varieties, and has an alcohol content of around 20%. E-mail us. Well simply pour a round and raise a glass. The medical history was positive for atrial tachycardia, for which the patient was taking cou-madin, irbesartan, labetalol, digoxin, and simvastatin.